Apparatus for the manufacture of corrugated furnaces.



No. 743,192. PATENTED NOV. a, 1903.

w. RAINFURTH. APPARATUSFOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CORRUGATED FURNACES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 23, 1902.

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No. 743,192. PATENTED NOV. 3, 1903- W. RAINFORTH.

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APPLICATION FILED APR. 23. 1902.

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W. RAINPORTH. APPARATUS FORTHE MANUFACTURE OF CORRUGATED FURNACES.

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No. 743,192. 5 v PATENTBD NOV. 3, 1903.

W. RAINFORTH. APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CORRUGATED FURNAGES.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 23, 1902.

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APPARATUS FOR THE" MANUFACTURE OF CORRUGATED FURNACES.

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UNITED STATES Patented November 3, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CORRUGATED FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 743,192, dated November3, 1903.

Application filed April 23, 1902.

T0 at whom it may concern: I

Beit known that I, WILLIAM RAINFORTH, a subject of the King of GreatBritain and Ireland, residing at Upper Armley, Leeds, in the county ofYork, England, have invented a new and useful Improved Apparatus for theManufacture of Corrugated Furnaces, (for which I have made applicationfor Letters Patent in Great Britain under No. 19,485 and date September30, 1901, in France under No. 309,088 and date March 29, 1902, and inBelgium under No. 129,182 and date March 29, 1902,) of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to means for the manufacture of steam-boilerfurnaces of the class whose Walls are of a longitudinal sectional formresembling arch-like outward projections or inward projections connectedby intervening portions inwardly curved or otherwise formed. Manyvarieties of such furnaces have been constructed and proposed to beconstructed, in some cases by rolling and in some cases by swaging bymeans of a steamhammer or hydraulic or other press in a manner to impartwhat have been known as corrugations to the metal, which has beenpreviously or subsequently brought to the general form of a furnace orflue; but the methods and means heretofore usually employed have notbeen such as to result in the production commercially 0f furnaces of thekinds referred to having bends or curves as pronounced as those Icontemplate, therebeing in practice-as, for example, in a rollingmill-atendency'to detrimental local thinning of the wall of the furnace undertreatment. Thus, for instance, as is well known, it is practicallyimpossible to produce a literally sharp section in a furnace by rolling,the sharpness of any section being governed by the thickness of themetal used.

Now according to this-invention in order to produce a furnace withpronounced bends or curves in its wall the desired bends or curves arepartiallyform'ed by a corrugating process and afterward-the furnace issubjected to endwise pressure in such a manner that there is anappreciable shortening of the furnace,and the formation of the desiredpronounced bonds or curves iscompleted withoutundue stress or thinningof the metal.

$erial No. 104,399. (No model.)

The preliminary corrugating process may conveniently be effected byrolling, as well understood, (although I do not limit myself torolling,) and the completion of the pro-l adapted to be locatedexternally or internally (or both) in the corrugations of a furnace tobe dealt with and the contours of which rings or segments depend uponthe section of furnace it is desired to produce; second, an envelopingcylinder or chamber for retaining the external ring-segments in theirplaces circumferentially, while nevertheless leaving them free to movelengthwise of the furnace, or any equivalent means 'for maintaining suchrings in position circumferentially,while nevertheless permitting of thesaid movement; third, a mandrel which may be made in one piece or insections, so as to be collapsible, with or without rings or segments ofrings adapted to fit into the interior of the furnace to support thesame and prevent deformation; fourth, sleeves adapted to surround theends of the furnace and to serve for transmitting end pressure to therings or segments which are located externally to the furnace; fifth,means for applying pressure in the direction of the length of thefurnace in such a manner as to actuate the rings or segments and toimpart to the metal the shape required.

The accompanying drawings illustrate apparatus for use in the productionof furnaces according to this invention.

Figure l is a part-sectional elevation of one construction of apparatusfor imparting to the furnace-wall its final form. Figs. 2 and 3 arerespectively a plan and an end elevation of the same, and Fig. 4 is anelevation of a detached part of said apparatus. Figs. 5 and 6 arerespectively a part-sectional elevation and a plan of a modifiedconstruction of the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4.- Fig.

7 is a sectional elevation of a modified con-,

section on the line X X, Fig. 8, respectively,

a form of mandrel that is sometimes employed; and Fig. 10 is adiagrammatic view of a part thereof. Figs. 11 and 12 are similar viewsto Figs. 8 and 9 of a modified form of mandrel. Figs. 13 and 14 aredetail views hereinafter referred to.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, 1 1 are two castings, formed in theiropposite faces with semicircular recesses and so arranged that they canbe moved toward and from each other and that when closed and connectedtogether by suitable fastenings they constitute a diecasing ofcylindrical form internally. Each half 1 1 of the cylindrical casing ismounted upon a suitable slide bed-plate 2 and is provided withsingle-acting hydraulic rams 3, whereby it can be moved toward itsfellow.

4 4 are central stops in the slide bed-plate to prevent either half frombeing thrust beyond the center line.

5 5 are multiple rams, each connected by chains 6 to its respective half11 of the casing.

One half, 1, of the casing is formed with lugs 7, in which slide rods 8,each having pivoted at one end a headed bolt 9 and at the other a link10, formed as an eccentric-strap that encircles an eccentric 11. 12 12are horizontal axles mounted in bracket-bearings 13 on the part 1 andeach having two of the eccentrics 11 fixed to them, as shown in Figs. 2and 3. Each axle 12 has also fixed to ita worm-wheel 14, operated byworms 15 upon a vertical shaft 16, mounted in bracket-bearings l7 andprovided with a sliding handle or tommy-har 18.

The part 1 of the casingis formed withlugs 19, having slots or grooves20.

When the parts 1 1 of the casing are brought together, the bolts 9 canbe swung into the slots 20.0f the lugs 19 and the looking completed by afew turns of the handle or bar 18. The eccentrics are so arranged as tobe on dead-centers when the bolts 9 are hard home on the lugs 19, thusforming a complete lock.

21 is an internal mandrel which is coaxial with the casing 1 1 whenclosed and passes through a fixed bed-bracket 22, (shown detached in endview in Fig. 1,) connected by tension-bolts 23 to a fixed bed-bracket 24beyond the other end of the casing 1 l". The mandrel 21 is mounted upona carriage 25, adapted to slide on suitable guides 26 on a fixedbed-plate 27, extending from the bedbracket 22.

28 is a hydraulic cylinder secured to the carriage and containing afixed piston 29, connected to a cross-head 30 atthe end of the bed-plate27 by pipes 31 and 32, which com-= municate with opposite sides of thepiston I and permit the passage of liquid under pressure, through whichit is controlled by a suitable double-actingvalve, (not shown,) so thatas the pressure liquid is admitted to the cylinder 28 on one side or theother of the fixed piston 29 the mandrel 21 will be advanced or retired.

33 is a ring which fits upon the neck of the mandrel 21, as shown, andis adapted to enter and fit into one of the plain end portions of thefurnace-tube A, and 34 is an external segmental sleeve adapted to fitoutside the said plain end portion of the furnace.

35 35 are rings which are fitted upon the mandrel 21 and are adapted tofit internally those portions of the furnace-tube A which are ofsmallestdiameter. Four of these rings are shown, but there may be more or less.

36 36 are external segmental rings the internal contours of which aresuch that when they are pressed close together the internal contour ofthe die thus formed will correspond with the external contour of thefurnace it is desired to produce.

37 is a cylindrical block adapted to enter into and fit the other plainend portion of the furnace-tube A, as shown. It is formed with a recess38, adapted to receive a shoe 39,

that is of larger diameter than the mandrel 21 and has a boss or stem40, that fits into a recess in the end of the mandrel, as shown. Theblock 37 also has a boss or stem 41, that fits into a recess in theflanged head 42 of a powerful singleacting hydraulic ram 43, mountedupon the fixed bed-bracket 24. The flanged head 42 is of greaterdiameter than the block 37, and between its projecting edge portion andthe adjacent segmental ring 36 is a segmental sleeve 44, which fitsoutside the other plain end of the furnace-tube A.

45 45 are multiple rams fixed upon the bedplate and connected bysuitable chain connections 46 46 to the ram 43.

The sleeves 34 and 44 and the rings 36 are preferably all divided intohalves horizontally, the upper halves being formed with holes 47, sothat they can be threaded upon bars or rods 48, so that they can belifted and placed in position collectively. The lower halves are formedwith recesses, and when they are in place rods 49, mounted at the endsin the bed-bracket 22 and a small bracket 50, take into the saidrecesses, and thus support the lower half-segments of the sleeves 34 and44 and the rings 36.

p In my improved manufacture of furnaces a tube of suitable metal, suchas mild steel, is first corrugated by a rolling or other process to aformation approximating as nearly as practicable to the ultimateformation to be produced. The tube thus corrugated is then subjected tofurther treatment in apparatus such as hereinbefore described, so thatthe bent portions of the furnace-tube wall arefurther bent by theapplication of end pres sure until the tube assumes the desired lon- ICCgitudinal form, the operation being as follows: The die-casing l 1 beingopen and the mandrel 21 being drawn back through the bracket 22, thecorrugated tube A is placed, 'by means of a crane or the like, upon thelower halves of the segmental rings 36 and sleeves 34 and 44, which arealready in position on the rods 49, the number and spacing of thesegments 36 corresponding to the intervening portions between theoutwardly-projecting corrugations of the furnace-tube. The upper halvesof the segmental rings 36 and sleeves 34 and 44, supported by the rods48, are next dropped into position over the tube A, the mandrel 21carrying the ring 33, and the internal rings 35 being at the same timemoved into position by admitting water under pressure to the forward endof the cylinder 28. The two parts 1 1 of the cylindrical die-casing arenow closed by means of the rams 3 and are fastened and locked togetherby swinging the bolts 9 into the slots and operating the handle ortommy-bar 18. The stem of the shoe 39 is fitted into the end of themandrel 21, and the ram 43, fitted with the cylindrical block 37, is byadmitting water under pressure to the ram-cylinder pushed into the plainend portion of the tube A until the flanged head 42 of the ram abutsagainst the end of the sleeve 44, the segmental rings 36 then beingspaced apart and the other parts being in the position shown in thedrawings. On the admission of further pressure liquid to the cylinder ofthe ram 43 the block 37 and the sleeve 44, with the plain portion of thetube A between them, will be pushed forward. This will cause the sleeve44 to come into contact with the end of the adjacent segmental ring 36,which will push before it into contact with the next ring 36, and so onuntil all the rings are in contact and form a complete die. The block 37will also push in front of it the rings successively, the said rings inthe first instance being spaced apart upon the mandrel 21 to enable themto support the interior of the tube A throughout the operation ofshortening it by end pressure without pushing the sleeve 34 out of theplain end of the tube A, which would permit deformation of that portionof the furnace-tube by the end pressure.

Insome cases the sleeve 34 may be made up of inner and outer segmentalrings, the outer one being so formed as to shut against the bracket 22and support the plain part of the tube A, while allowing the innerportion and the adjacent ring 36 to slide relatively within it when theram 43 overcomes the pressure in the cylinder 28. It will be understoodthat as the segmental rings 36 close they will bear against certainportions of the side walls of the outwardly-projecting. corrugationsalready formed in the tube A by rollbe completed and the exterior of theflue-wall will haveassumed the internal contour of the die formed byseveral segments. Fig. 13 shows in sections two adjacent segmental rings36 in the relative positions they occupy before the end pressure isapplied, and Fig. i

14 is a similar view showing the two sections in contact after thepronounced bend or crinkle in the tube-Wall has been formed by theapplication of the end pressure. Upon drawing back the mandrel 21, theram 43, and the parts 1 and 1 and removing the upper halves of the rings36 and sleeves 34 and 44 the completed furnace can be removed from theapparatus.

Ofcourse in making a furnace with pronounced bends or crinkles inaccordance with this invention it is necessary to operate upon a plaintube of greater length than is required to produce a furnace withcorrugations such as have heretofore been practicable. The morepronounced the bends or crinkles the greater must be the length of theplain tube from which the furnace is to be manufactured.

Referring to Figs. 5 and 6, the cylindrical die-casing 1 1 is arrangedupon slide bedplates 2, so that when closed its axis is vertical, themandrel 21 and the hydraulic ram 43 being arranged coaxially beneath itand the latter serving both to insert the mandrel and to apply therequisite end pressure to the tube A. The withdrawal of the mandrel iseffected by multiple rams 53. .The mandrel is formed with a flanged endthat rests upon the flanged head 42 of the ram 43 and supports the rings33 and 35 and the block 37, which latter being in this arrangement atthe end of a tube A farthest from the ram 43 must be placed in positionwithin the end of the tubeA before the cylindrical die-casing 1 1 isclosed. The parts 1 1 may in this case be guided at the top and may befitted with rollers at the bottom. The halves of the segmental rings 36and sleeves 34 and 44 are in this construction built up within each partof the diecasing 1 1 before it is closed and are supported therein byT-headed bolts 55, which engage in grooves 56, formed in the parts 1 1.By this arrangement lateral movement of the segmental rings 36 andsleeves. 34 and 44 relatively to one another is permitted. Eachsegmental ring 36 is formed with recesses 57, in which springs 58 arefitted, as shown, so as to keep the segmental rings 36 apart until theend pressure is applied.

59is an annular plate suitably supported by the bed-plate of the machinebeneath the sleeve 34, and 60 is a thrust-plate or an 'abutment head orblock secured to bolts or rods ICC 61, which pass through the bed-plateand are attached to the cylinder of the ram 43. The.

abutment head or block is formed with a central aperture 62, which isjust large enough as shown, and the cylindrical die-casing 1 1 is thenclosed and fastened, as in the previous case. Water is then admitted tothe cylinder of the ram 43, which is thereby forced upwardly, carryingthe mandrel 21 with it. The flanged end of the mandrel comes intocontact with the plate 59 and carries it and the parts resting on itupwardly through the die-casing 1 1 until the sleeve 44 meets theabutment head or block. Further movement of the ram and mandrel thenbends the bent parts of the tube-wall into more pronounced bends orcrinkles, as in the previous case. In place of the inclosing cylinders 11 I may clamp or bolt the end of the segmental-ring dies to one another,so as to maintain their circumferential continuity, and their relativelineal positions may be maintained by external guide or clamping bars,which leave the segmental rings free as to lateral movement toone-another.

Where it is desired to use internal segments within the fiue adapted toenter into the corrugated ridges projecting into the water-space,collapsible mandrels, as illustrated in Figs. 7 to 12, may be employed,by which the segmental pieces within the line after being arrangedaround the body of the mandrel when at a small diameter, so as to beinserted within the fiue, are then thrust outward by the expandingmandrehso that the projecting ridges upon the segments are caused toenter into the recesses of the outwardly-projecting ridges orcorrugations, and thus form an internal die or former within thosecorrugations, forming a gage as to the reduced pitch or internal size ofridges or projections,

thus determining the extent to which the side walls of the hollow ridgesor projections may be caused to approach each other. Eventually afterthe process of end compression has been completed by a collapse of themandrel or of the body-segments supported by it the segments projectinginto the hollow body of the outer projecting ridges or corrugations maybe readily withdrawn.

A convenient form of a collapsible and expandible mandrel is shown inFig. 7, in which the central mandrel-core 21 is adapted to be forcedinto and out of the main mandrel by a hand-wheel 25 and screw on thesaid core. The mandrel-core 21 carries aseries of togglelevers 21pivoted upon it, the outer ends of the said toggle-levers being pivotedin segmental shoes 21 running the whole length of the mandrel, suchshoes having an inward-andoutward movement relatively to the core 21,always maintaining their parallel position to the axis of the core. Uponthese segmental shoes 21 are fitted segmental rings 35, secured to theshoes 21 by dovetailed tenons 35,slidinginalongitudinal dovetailedgroove in the faces of said shoes21", so that the segments 35 are freeto move laterally to one an-,

other, but are held suspended or attached in all positions to the shoes21*. The exterior periphery of the ring-segments 35 may now be providedwith projecting ridges 35 adapted to enter into the hollow of theoutwardlyprojecting ridges or corrugations of the flue, and may bethrust outwardly into their desired positions by the longitudinalmovement of the core 21 by means of the hand-wheel and screw 25relatively to the shoes 21 which are prevented from partaking of thelongitudinal movement of the mandrel-core 21. The toggle-levers 21 arethus brought more perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel-core 21 andthrust out the shoes 21 and the ring-segments 35 to fill up the interiorof the flue. By the reversal of the movement of the core 21 the shoes 21and the segmental rings 35 will collapse toward the axis, and may thuseasily be withdrawn after the completion of the end compression of theridge corrugations of the flue, as hereinabove described, In Fig. 7 alsois shown a modification of the outer segment 36, which heretofore hasbeen described as similar portions 21 21 21, each of which decreases incross-sectional area from one end to the other, where its smaller endjoins the larger end of the next portion, and so on. The inclined facesof these tapering portions are formed with longitudinal dovetail grooves62, and there rests upon each such inclined face acorrespondiugly-inclined portion 63 of a segment 63 of a ring or sleeve.The pertions 63 are formed with dovetail longitudinal ribs 64:, whichfit in the grooves 62, and the segments are recessed or cut awayinternally at 65, so that the mandrel 21 may be moved relatively to themin longitudinal directions, and thus cause them to expand for thepurpose of supporting the furnace-wall internally or to collapse orcontract, so as to facilitate their insertion and removal from thefurnace-tube.

In some cases the contiguous parts of the several segments of a ring orsleeve may be formed, as represented diagrammatically in Fig. 10, withalternating recesses of grooves 66 and projections 67, the projectionson the one taking into the recesses or grooves in the other for thepurpose of distributing circumferentially the clearance between thesegments when expanded, and thus preventing a considerable length of thewall of the furnace in a plane containing its axis being unsupported.

Figs. 11 and 12 are similar views to Figs. 8 and 9 of a mandrel 21,constructed as described with reference to Figs. 8 and 9, with a segmentof a ring or sleeve sliding on each of its inclined faces; but eachsegment is IIO formed of an outer part or parts 68 and an inner part 63,which is recessed at and has an inclined portion 63, with rib 64 slidingin a groove 62. The part 63 is formed with an outer face that isparallel to the axis of the mandrel and has formed in it adovetailgroove 69, in which fits a corresponding rib 70, formed upon each of theouter parts 68. The grooves 69 in those faces of the several parts 63that are in a common plane are in line, so that the parts 68 can slideendwise of the mandrel from the one part 63 onto that juxtaposed to it.Each part 68 is formed with a peripheral rib 71, which in the example isat one end of the said part. These ribs enter the internal hollows ofthe outward projections formed in the furnace-tube wall by thepreliminary application-for instance, by rollingof pressure indirections normal or radial to it axis at certain parts of its length,and during the application of end pressure to the furnacetube, aspreviously described, for the purpose of shortening it by reducing thepitch of the hollow projections, so as to impart to them a sharperlongitudinal section, determines the extent to which the side walls ofthe hollow projections can be thus caused to approach each other. 72represents springs interposed between the several ring segments 63, asshown. In each case the ring 33 is formed and arranged in a similarmanner to the rings 63, and the ring 37 is formed with a'rectangularbore that fits a correspondingly-formed part of the mandrel 21. Theapparatus may be modified. For instance, instead of one end of thefurnace-tube resting against an abutment that is stationary during theoperation of the apparatus end pressure may be applied at both ends byrams or the like, which approach each other while acting on thefurnace-tube. It is to be understood that various parts of the apparatusmay be actuated by mechanical means, such as screw-andloose pieces. Forsome sections it may be necessary to use outside and insidemolding-rings and for others outside rings or inside rings only. In theformer case such rings would be made to fit the mandrel, or a specialmandrel, which may be made in one piece or in sections, soas to becollapsible, whose periphery corresponds to the sections required, couldbe used. The rings instead of being made separately for each corrugationmay be made in one piece large enough to go over several corrugations,so that only a limited numbersay two, three,or more might be used forany given length of furnace either internally or externally. I

Among the many forms of furnaces for the by him the same day as mypresent applica:

tion.

According to his invention the furnace-wall is of a form which, as seenin longitudinal section, comprises outwardly projecting portions, eachof which portions comprises two side walls so formed that they arenearest to one another at some point intermediate between the outer partof the outwardly-projecting portion viz., that part which is of largestdiameter-and the innermost part viz., that which is of the smallestdiameter. I call my said outward projections (which may be made in avariety of forms) bulb-like projections.

The intervening portions of the furnacewall as seen in longitudinalsection may be either straight or curved.

The adaptation of my invention to the production of furnaces accordingto Gearings invention will be understood from the following briefexplanation, which is given merely by way of example, since the detailswill naturally vary according to the necessities of the particular case.

In Fig. 13, A indicates in section a piece of a corrugated tube. 36 and36 are rings made in segments, so that they can be got in and out ofplace, and 36 are other rings, wedgelike in section and also made insegments. 1 is the surrounding casing or equivalent, as hereinbeforedescribed. 35 35 are other rings, also made in segments and whichconstitute parts of a collapsible mandrel, as hereinbefore described.

Fig. 14 illustrates the effect upon the tube A of the application to therings of pressure in the direction of the length of the furnace.

Of course the formation produced will depend upon the forms of thedie-rings.

In conclusion,while reserving to myself the right to vary the forms,proportions, arrangements of parts, and other details as circumstancesmay render desirable in carrying out my invention, I desire to have itunderstood that What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Apparatus for completing the production of a furnace tube or fluewith pronounced circumferential ridges or curves in its wall, consistingof, in. combination, a mandrel adapted to enter into and to be withdrawnfrom the interior of a flueor tube; segmental rings adapted to bedisposed about the exterior of the flue or tube; retaining mechanism forsecuring the circumferential continuity of the ring-segments underpressure, with freedom of lateral movement; and pressing mechanism forcausing the said rings to be moved in the direction of the length of theflue or tube.

ICC

2. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the

combination of, segmental rings adapted to entirely embrace theperiphery of the circumferential ridges, and to be disposed about theexterior of a furnace tube or flue, of appropriate forms when closed up,as regards their inner faces, to determine the ultimate form of thepronounced circumferential ridges or curves of the said flue or tuberetaining mechanism for securing the circumferential continuity of thering-segments under pressure with freedom of lateral movement; aninternal rigid support within the flue or tube to prevent internaldeformation; and pressing mechanism forcausing the said rings to bemoved in the direction of the length of the flue or tube.

3. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to be disposedabout the exterior of the flue or tube;

retaining mechanism for securing their circumferential continuity underpressure with freedom of lateral movement; an internal mandrel adaptedto expand and collapse; segmental rings exterior to such mandrel,adapted to enter into the interior of the circumferential ridges orcurves of the flue or tube, and to have free lateral movement toward oneanother upon the said mandrel; and pressing mechanism for causing thesaid rings to be moved in the direction of the length of the flue ortube.

4. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the

combination of compound overlapping segmental rings adapted to entirelyembrace the outer periphery of the circumferential ridges, and bedisposed about the exterior of the furnace tube or flue, of appropriateforms as regards their inner faces to determine the ultimate form of thepronounced circumferential ridges of curves of the said flue or tube;supports, other than the said flue or tube for holding the saidsegmental rings in place, with freedom of lateral movement; retainingmechanism for securing the circumferential continuity of thering-segments under pressure with freedom of lateral movement; aninternal rigid mandrel or support Within the furnace to prevent internaldeformation; and pressing mechanism for causing the said rings to bemoved in the direction of the length of the flue or tube.

5. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the combination of segmental rings, adapted to be disposedabout the exterior of the furnace tube or flue, of appropriate forms asregards their inner ,faces, to determine the ultimate form of thepronounced circumferential ridges or curves of the said flue or tube;supports,

other than the flue or tube, to hold the said segmental rings in place,with freedom of lateral movement; springs between the adjoining faces ofsaid segmental rings; retaining mechanism for securing circumferentialcontinuity of the ring-segments under pressure, with freedom of lateralmovement; an internal rigid support within the furnace to preventinternal deformation, and pressing mechanism, for causing the said ringsto be moved in the direction of the length of the flue or tube.

6. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the combination of compound segmental rings, the parts ofwhich are adapted to slide relatively in a lateral direction, and whichrings are adapted to be disposed about the exterior of the flue or tube,and are of appropriate forms as regards their adjoining and inner facesto determine theultimate form of the pronounced circumferential ridgesor curves of the said flue or tube; an intermediate packing-piecebetween the compound sliding segmental rings; supports other than thefinal flue or tube to hold the said segmental rings and packing-piecesin place, with freedom of lateral movement; retaining mechanism forsecuring circumferential continuity of the ring-segments under pressure,with freedom of lateral movements; an internal support within the flueor tube and pressing mechanism for causing the said rings to be moved inthe direction of the length of the flue or tube.

7. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the combination of compound segmental rings, the parts ofwhich are adapted to slide relatively in a lateral direction, and whichrings are adapted to be disposed about the exterior of the flue or tubeand are of appropriate form -as regards their adjoining and inner facesto determine the ultimate form of the pronounced circumferential ridgesor curves of the said flue or tube; an intermediate packing-piece ofwedge-like section between the compound sliding segmental rings;supports other than the flue or tube to hold the said segmental ringsand packing-pieces in place, with freedom of lateral movement; retainingmechanism for securing circumferential continuity of the ring-segmentsunder pressure with freedom of lateral movement; an internal supportwithin the flue or tube; and pressing mechanism for causing the saidrings to be moved in the direction of the length of the flue or tube.

8. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the combination of compound segmental rings the parts ofwhich are adapted to slide relatively in a lateral direction, and whichrings are adapted to be disposed about the exterior of the flue or tube,and are of appropriate forms as regards their adjoining and inner facesto determine the ultimate form of the pronounced circumferential ridgesor curves of the said flue or tube; an intermediate packing-piece ofwedge-like section between the compound sliding segmental rings;supports IIO other than the flue or tube to hold segmental rings andpacking-pieces in place with freedom of lateral movement, retainingmechanism for securing circumferential continuity of the ring-segmentsunder pressure; a mandrel internal to the flue or tube adapted to expandand collapse; segmental rings exterior to such mandrel adapted to enterinto the interior of the circumferential ridges or curves of the flue ortube and to have free lateral movement toward one another upon the saidmandrel; and pressing mechanism for causing the said rings to be movedin the direction of the length of the flue or tube.

9. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the

combination of compound segmental rings having parts sliding one underthe other, adapted to be disposed about the exterior of the flue ortube; a divided cylindrical casing nace; a divided cylindrical casinginclosing the said segmental rings, insuring their circumferentialcontinuity under pressure with freedom of lateral movement; means forretiring and advancing parts of said divided casing by sliding, from,and toward one another; locking-catches at both sides of the divisionsecuring the parts of the casing together; an internal rigid supportwithin the furnace; and pressing mechanism for causing the said rings tobe moved in the direction of the length of the fine or tube.

11. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of thekind referred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to bedisposed about the exterior of a vertical flue or tube; supportingmechanism for carrying the said segments within the walls of each partof a divided vertical internally-cylindrical casing; springs between theadjoining rings; means for retiring and advancing the parts of the saiddivided casing from and toward one another; a lockingcatch securing theparts of said casing together to retain said segmental rings incircumferential continuity under pressure; an internal support withinthe flue or tube, and pressing mechanism for causing the said rings tobe moved in the direction of the length of the flue or tube.

12. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of thekind referred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to bedisposed about the exterior of the flue or tube; a dividedinternally-cylindrical casing inclosing the said segmental rings,insuring their circumferential continuity under pressure, with freedomof lateral movement;

means for retiring and advancing parts of the said divided casing from,and toward, one another; a central stop-block in the path of the dividedparts of the casing, determining the coincidence of the axes of thecasing and the flue or tube; a locking-catch securing the parts of thecasing together; an internal support within the furnace; and pressingmechanism for causing the said rings to be moved in the direction of thelength of the flue or tube.

13. In apparatus for the production of a furnace fine or tube of thekind referred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to bedisposed about the exterior of the flue or tube; retaining mechanism forsecuring the circumferential continuity of the said segmental ringsunder pressure, with lateral freedom of movement; an internal mandreladapted to enter into and retire from the interior of the line or tube;hydraulic rams operating the said mandrel; and hydraulic rams causingthe said rings to be laterally closed together in the direction of thelength of the flue or tube.

14. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of thekind referred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to bedisposed about the exterior of the flue or tube; a dividedinternally-cylindrical casing inclosing the said segmental rings,insurin g their circumferential continuity under pressure; hydraulicrams retiring and advancin g the parts of said divided casing from andtoward one another; a central stop-block in the path of the dividedparts of the casing determining the coincidence of the axes of thecasing and the flue or tube; a lockingcatch securing the parts of thecasing together; and pressing mechanism causing the said rings to belaterally closed together in the direction of the length of the flue ortube.

15. In apparatus for the production ofa furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to be disposedover the exterior of the flue or tube;

standard, adapted to move the said rings in' the direction of the lengthof the fine or tube.

16. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of thekind referred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to bedisposed over the exterior of a flue or tube having appropriate innersurfaces to form the required circumferential ridges; segmental collarsadapted to the exterior of the plain ends of the furnace; means formaintaining their circumferential continuity under ressure; a mandreladapted to enter into and retire from the interior of the flue or tube;plain collars at either end of the mandrel adapted to enter and fitWithin the plain ends of the flue or tube; rings on the said mandrelbetween the end collars; hydraulic mechanism for entering and retiringthe mandrel; a ramhead admitting the end of the mandrel, and havinghydraulic pressure mechanism to move the said rings in the direction ofthe length of the flue or tube.

17. In apparatus for the production of a furnace flue or tube of thekind referred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to bedisposed over the exterior of the flue or tube; segmental collarsadapted to fit the exterior of the plain ends of the flue or tube; adivided internally-cylindrical casing, inclosing the said segmentalrings and collars; headed bolts pivoted on tension-rods on one part ofthe casing engaging with slotted lugs on the other part; eccentrics onshafts operating the said tension-rods; and hand-moved Worm-gear to thesaid shafts to operate the eccentrics,as means for locking the saidparts of the casing together. p

18. In apparatus for the production ofa furnace flue or tube of the kindreferred to, the combination of segmental rings adapted to be disposedover the exterior of a flue or tube; an expandible and collapsiblemandrel internal to the said flue or tube; a core in the said mandreladapted to move longitudinally to shoes divided longitudinally; toggle-levers pivoted to the said core and the said shoes to WILLIAM RAINFORTH.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM JOHNSTON, HARRY SIDNEY HEPWoRTH.

